Basics On Positive Displacement Sanitary Pump

By Marci Nielsen


You may be going into the food manufacturing business soon and thus you will need to know some of the needed equipment needed in such a business. And in your proposed venture you may have come across the term positive displacement sanitary pump. Read on in this article to find out what kind of equipment this is and how it works and is essential for your food production needs.

Basically a pump is used to move solutions, food products, and slurries that will be processed according to set standards of cleanliness and hygiene. These standards are either set by the private corporation or even by law. In the continental United States, the Food and Drug Administration with the US Department of Agriculture set these same standards.

There are basically two types of pumps used in the food processing and manufacturing industry, being the centrifugal type and the positive displacement type. The former uses centrifugal force to push liquids and such while the latter makes use of rotating lobes in fixed chambers, which when active creates suction for the liquid to flow through. Both though different, are alike in the way that they are manufactured to eliminate the growth of bacteria in the process.

PD pumps, the acronym for positive displacement types of mechanisms, produce much higher flow pressures than centrifuge mechanisms, although the latter gives much higher flow volume. Thus the PD pump is much sought after for specialist applications which involve thick liquids or liquids with fragile solids.

As these kinds of mechanisms rely on rotating parts or lobes to create pressure based on volume, it produces less velocity when liquids are ejected into a discharge system. This is thus much more useful and needed when dealing with liquids that have some form of inert fragile solids within them.

Two types of PD pumps are currently in use in the food industry today. These are the rotary type and the reciprocating type. The former type of pump makes use of rotating parts to move liquid through. This is most useful for applications involving liquids with some form of fragile solids mixed in. Those applications needing an elimination of reverse flow processes are best serviced by the use of reciprocating type, which also has valves to create and eliminate vacuum pressure apart from moving lobes.

The sole advantage of the PD type of mechanism is that it can provide a constant flow of liquid within the range of medium to high pressure applications. This is particularly important in breweries and dairy production facilities which deal a lot with viscous liquids. Other viscous fluid applications best serviced by PD type mechanisms are found in firms that produces vegetable oils, molasses and such.

In sum it is hoped that this article has illumined a better understanding of what a PD pump is to the reader, and has lifted the shroud of mystery surrounding it somewhat. It is not an exhaustive piece as it would want to be, but hopefully this article has done its job of simplifying what may seem to be a very technical subject or topic.




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